Cylindrical Lithium Iron Disulfide

Lithium Iron Disulfide (Li/FeS2) Batteries

Advantages and Disadvantages of Lithium Iron Disulfide

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Li/FeS2 batteries, also known as Lithium Iron Disulfide batteries, offer a non-rechargeable alternative to Zinc Chloride or Alkaline AA and AAA cells commonly used in devices. Unlike most Lithium batteries that deliver 3 volts or higher, Li/FeS2 batteries have a nominal voltage of 1.5v, making them compatible with existing consumer requirements for AA and AAA batteries.

Energizer introduced the AA 1.5v batteries in 1989 and the 1.5v AAA batteries in 2004. Other manufacturers, such as GP Batteries with their GP15LF (AA) and GP24LF (AAA) ranges, also offer their own Li/FeS2 options. These batteries have gained popularity, especially in applications like digital cameras, where they handle moderate to heavy loads, such as using the flash while taking pictures.

Common applications:

  • Medical Devices
  • Professional Flashlights
  • Wireless Sensors
  • Wireless Keyboards & Mice
  • Handheld GPS
  • Security
  • Electronic Toys
  • Game Controllers

We’ll discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Li/FeS2 batteries and what factors to consider when choosing batteries for your devices.

Advantages of Li/FeS2 batteries:

  1. More power and longer service life compared to other 1.5v primary battery types.
  2. Longer storage life, up to 15 years at ambient temperature.
  3. Higher and more stable operating voltage under load, resulting in smaller performance drop over time.
  4. Suitable for use in extreme environments due to wider operating temperature range and low weight.

Disadvantages of Li/FeS2 batteries:

  1. Higher cost due to the surge in lithium prices in recent years; they can be more than ten times the price of Alkaline AA cells.
  2. Shipping limitations and cost implications for large quantities due to regulations surrounding the shipment of Lithium Batteries.
GP Batteries Lithium AA Battery
GP15LF Lithium Iron Disulfide Cell

Lithium Iron Disulfied vs Alkaline vs Zinc Chloride

When deciding between Zinc Chloride or Alkaline AA, AAA batteries, and Li/FeS2 batteries, it’s essential to consider the specific requirements of your device:

  1. For low-power applications with easy battery access and regular replacements, Li/FeS2 batteries may not be the best option.
  2. If you need longer-lasting, higher-power performance with fewer battery changes, investing in Li/FeS2 AA and AAA batteries could be worthwhile.
  3. Using batteries that require less frequent replacement is also more environmentally friendly.

Please also note that whilst Energizer are the market leader for this chemistry other reputable manufacturers provide equivalent quality options often at a better price because their brands are not as strong in the UK battery market, prepare to dig around for the best price.

Cell (AA)Li/FeS2AlkalineZinc Chloride
Price (per cell)£1.90£0.36£0.25
Energy Density (Wh/Kg)3359055
PowerHighLowVery Low
Voltage1.5V1.5V1.5V
Weight (g)14.5g23g17.6g
Operating Temperature-20ºC to +60ºC0ºC to +60ºC0ºC to +45ºC
Performance at High TemperatureGoodGoodLow
Performance at Low TemperatureGoodLowLow
Operating LifeGoodModerateLow
Shelf Life10 Years+10 Years3 Years
Li/FeS2 vs Alkaline vs Zinc Chloride
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